What are Hours of Service rules for owner-operators?

Property-carrying owner-operators must comply with four core HOS limits: 11-hour driving maximum, 14-hour on-duty window, 30-minute break after 8 cumulative driving hours, and 60/70-hour weekly cycle limits.

These rules under 49 CFR Part 395 apply to any driver operating a commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce. Each limit is independent — hitting any one of them requires you to stop driving. The 14-hour window is often the most misunderstood: once it starts (when you go on duty), no break pauses it — it runs straight through.

FMCSA / DOT Guidance

Per 49 CFR 395.3: (1) 11-hour driving limit after 10 consecutive off-duty hours; (2) 14-hour on-duty window starting from first on-duty moment; (3) 30-minute break required after 8 cumulative hours of driving; (4) 60 hours on-duty in 7 consecutive days OR 70 hours in 8 consecutive days; (5) 34-hour restart available to reset the weekly cycle.

Common Mistake

Owner-operators often confuse "driving time" with "on-duty time." The 11-hour limit applies to actual driving. The 14-hour window applies to all time on duty — including pre-trip inspections, loading, waiting at docks, and fueling. A 3-hour dock wait at the start of your day cuts into your 14-hour window even if you haven't driven a mile.

Related Resource

See also: What is the most common DOT violation for owner-operators?

Educational disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Consult a qualified attorney or compliance specialist for your specific situation.